Section 3: Cloze Test (25 points)The time for this section is 25 minutes.

　　Of all the employed workers in the United States, 12.5 million are part of a temporary workforce. The United States Bureau of Labor Statistics counts 9.2 percent of workers as those who have ____ (1) they term “alternative employment arrangements.” The government predicts that temporary staffing agencies ____ (2) experience growth of 49 percent by 2010. If number increase at the rate ____ (3), these companies will add 1.9 million new jobs by 2010. That’s more than any ____ (4) industry.

　　Temporary workers were the first ones to be affected by the recent economic recession, but they are ____ (5) to be the first to regain positions as the economy picks up and companies work to rebuild. Employers use temporary workers as a resource because ____ (6) offer flexibility and come at a low cost. Many temporaries as “independent contractors” instead of employees, ____ (7) allows the employer to avoid ____ (8) certain taxes. Because they are not required to offer benefits to temporary workers, companies can save a great deal of money by hiring temps. Usually, temporary workers can qualify ____ (9) benefits if they work for a staffing company for a certain length of time. Most temps, however, do not continue with one company long ____ (11) position later.

　　According to Richard Wahlquist, president of the American Staffing Association, 75 ____ (12) of temporary workers hope for transition out of the temporary staffing category ____ (13) a period of time. Wahlquist finds that temporary workers spend about 11 weeks on various assignments before their ____ (14) out of the temporary workforce. Many use temporary positions to gain experience and skills ____ (15) they move on to better jobs. Wahquist says that the temp workforce as a whole turns ____ (16) 400 percent each year.

　　Tom Dilworth, research director at the Employment Policies Institute, explains ____ (17) some workers like having temporary jobs ____ (18) it affords them a great deal of elasticity with time and everything. Some temps only have a limited ____ (19) of time to work and temp agencies can help coordinate jobs to fit their schedules. Other sometimes-employees use temporary jobs to get an ____ (20) to a company from the inside, to get a foot in the door of a certain business or career. ____ (21) others take temporary positions in hopes their employers will change them over to permanent positions eventually.

　　Nearly all the industries in the United States use temporary workers. ____ (22) to Tim Costello, coordinator of the North American Alliance for Fair Employment, the growth of temporary labor threatens ____ (23) job security of permanent workers who fear replacement, as well as the temps who are more accustomed to turnover. He predicts that there will continue to ____ (24) a gradual shift from permanent employees to contingent staffing, and that such a ____ (25) in workplace demographics will “lead to lower wages, poorer working conditions, and more instability.”

　　Section 1: English-Chinese Translation(英译汉)(60 point) The time for this section is 100 minutes.

　　Part A Compulsory Translation (必译题)(30 points)

　　It was one of those days that the peasant fishermen on this tributary of the Amazon River dream about.

　　With water levels falling rapidly at the peak of the dry season, a giant school of bass, a tasty fish that fetches a good price at markets, was swimming right into the nets being cast from a dozen small canoes here.

　　“With a bit of luck, you can make $350 on a day like this,” Lauro Souza Almeida, a leader of the local fishermen’s cooperative, exulted as he moved into position. “That is a fortune for people like us,” he said, the equivalent of four months at the minimum wage earned by those fortunate enough to find work.

　　But hovering nearby was a large commercial fishing vessel, a “mother boat” equipped with large ice chests for storage and hauling more than a dozen smaller craft. The crew on board was just waiting for the remainder of the fish to move into the river’s main channel, where they intended to scoop up as many as they could with their efficient gill nets.

　　A symbol of abundance to the rest of the world, the Amazon is experiencing a crisis of overfishing. As stocks of the most popular species diminish to worrisome levels, tensions are growing between subsistence fishermen and their commercial rivals, who are eager to enrich their bottom line and satisfy the growing appetite for fish of city-dwellers in Brazil and abroad.

　　In response, peasants up and down the Amazon, here in Brazil and in neighboring countries like Peru, are forming cooperatives to control fish catches and restock their rivers and lakes. But that effort, increasingly successful, has only encouraged the commercial fishing operations, as well as some of the peasants’ less disciplined neighbors, to step up their depredations.

　　“The industrial fishing boats, the big 20- to 30-ton vessels, they have a different mentality than us artisanal fishermen, who have learned to take the protection of the environment into account,” said the president of the local fishermen’s union. “They want to sweep everything up with their dragnets and then move on, benefiting from our work and sacrifice and leaving us with nothing.”